Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a strong risk factor for respiratory morbidity in children born\npreterm. Our aims were to evaluate lung function in adolescents born preterm with and without a history of BPD,\nand to assess lung function change over time from school age.\nMethods: Fifty-one individuals born in Stockholm, Sweden between gestational ages 24 to 31 weeks (23 neonatally\ndiagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) but not BPD, and 28 graded as mild (n = 17), moderate (n = 7)\nor severe (n = 4) BPD) were examined in adolescence (13ââ?¬â??17 years of age) using spirometry, impulse oscillometry\n(IOS), plethysmography, and ergospirometry. Comparison with lung function data from school age (6ââ?¬â??8 years of\nage) was also performed.\nResults: Adolescents with a history of BPD had lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) compared to those\nwithout BPD (âË?â??0.61 vs.-0.02 z-scores, P < 0.05), with lower FEV1 values significantly associated with BPD severity (P for\ntrend 0.002). Subjects with severe BPD had higher frequency dependence of resistance, R5ââ?¬â??20, (P < 0.001 vs. non-BPD\nsubjects) which is an IOS indicator of peripheral airway involvement. Between school age and adolescence, FEV1/FVC\nz-scores decreased in all groups and particularly in the severe BPD group (from âË?â??1.68 z-scores at 6ââ?¬â??8 years to âË?â??2.74\nz-scores at 13ââ?¬â??17 years, p < 0.05 compared to the non-BPD group).\nConclusions: Our results of spirometry and IOS measures in the BPD groups compared to the non-BPD group suggest\nairway obstruction including involvement of peripheral airways. The longitudinal result of a decrease in FEV1/FVC in the\ngroup with severe BPD might implicate a route towards chronic airway obstruction in adulthood.
Loading....